Summary of the Tulsa Race Massacre
12/31/1921
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The Tulsa Race Massacre of 1921 was one of the worst instances of mass racial violence in American history. The violence was driven largely by White hostility toward African-American economic prosperity, and it centered on Tulsa, Oklahoma’s Greenwood District (also known as Black Wall Street), a commercial area with many successful Black-owned businesses. In 24 hours, hundreds were killed, thousands displaced, and 35 city blocks were burned to ruins. The attack on Black Wall Street included the first aerial bombing of a U.S. city.
The American National Red Cross provided relief to many victims of this massacre. The Tulsa Chapter compiled reports and a photo album relating to their management of the disaster relief effort.
This is a summary compiled for the American Red Cross Headquarters at Washington, DC. It provides a narrative overview of the massacre, the kinds of relief the Red Cross provided, and a list of destruction:
This report comes from a larger file of Red Cross reports about the Tulsa Massacre. See the full file in the National Archives Catalog.
The American National Red Cross provided relief to many victims of this massacre. The Tulsa Chapter compiled reports and a photo album relating to their management of the disaster relief effort.
This is a summary compiled for the American Red Cross Headquarters at Washington, DC. It provides a narrative overview of the massacre, the kinds of relief the Red Cross provided, and a list of destruction:
- 1,256 buildings burned
- 314 buildings looted
- approximately 10,000 people made homeless
- 183 people hospitalized, "practically all for gunshot wounds or burns"
- 531 serious injuries requiring first aid or surgery
- an unknown number of dead – "Figures are omitted for the reason that NO ONE KNOWS."
This report comes from a larger file of Red Cross reports about the Tulsa Massacre. See the full file in the National Archives Catalog.
This primary source comes from the Collection ANRC: Records of the American National Red Cross.
National Archives Identifier: 157670060
Full Citation: Summary of the Tulsa Race Massacre; 12/31/1921; DR-6.08 Oklahoma, Tulsa Co. Riot Reports and Statistics; Central Decimal Files, 1881 - 1982; Collection ANRC: Records of the American National Red Cross; National Archives at College Park, College Park, MD. [Online Version, https://www.docsteach.org/documents/document/summary-tulsa-massacre, April 24, 2024]Rights: Public Domain, Free of Known Copyright Restrictions. Learn more on our privacy and legal page.